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At-Risk Foot Care

The Statistics Are Literally Staggering

The relative 5-year mortality rate after limb amputation is 68%; 68% of patients who have an amputation will die within five years. When compared with cancer – it is second only to lung cancer (86%). (Colorectal cancer 39%, Breast cancer 23%, Hodgkin’s disease 18%, Prostate cancer 8%)


We love keeping our patients active, vibrant, and enjoying life on their own terms. Your mobility is the foundation of your longevity, and our team is dedicated to keeping you walking comfortably, traveling, and spending quality time with the people you cherish.

The human foot has a deeply complex interrelation with the rest of your body. Frequently, it is the very first area to show signs of serious, underlying systemic conditions such as diabetes and cardiovascular disease.

We treat these common issues with uncommon urgency because we believe that protecting your health means securing your long-term lifestyle.

What is At Risk Foot Care?

At Risk Foot Care is a part of Podiatric Medicine and Surgery dedicated to the prevention of life threatening complications associated with Peripheral Artery Disease, Diabetes and other systemic diseases.

Silent Threats, Uncommon Risks

The sobering reality is that many people harbor silent threats without warning signs. Millions of individuals have never been told that they have a systemic condition, nor do they realize they are at immediate risk for life- and limb-threatening complications. The most common medical conditions that place patients At Risk for foot and ankle problems are Peripheral Artery Disease and Diabetes Mellitus.

  • Peripheral Artery Disease (PAD), also called Peripheral Vascular Disease (PVD) is a condition in which narrowed blood vessels reduce blood flow to the foot, ankle and leg.
    • PAD affects over 10 million people nationwide
    • 75% of patients don’t know they have it
    • Of patients with PAD, 40% have no symptoms.

  • Diabetes, also called Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is a group of diseases that result in too much sugar in the blood (high blood glucose). Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy (DPN) is a type of nerve damage that can occur in patients with diabetes.
    • Diabetes affects 30 million people nationwide
    • 50% of people with diabetes don’t know they have it
    • More than 90% of people with diabetic peripheral neuropathy are unaware they have it.

Without regular professional intervention, minor at-risk foot complications rapidly cause a total loss of independence, progressing to a risk for life and limb threatening complications, such as infections, wounds and amputations, and premature death.

The Statistics Are Literally Staggering

  • Patients with Peripheral Artery Disease or Diabetes with an infected ulcer, within one year, one in five patients will have had an amputation, another one in five will have died. (Armstrong et al., JAMA, 2023; Jean-Baptiste et al., Diabetes & Metabolism, 2025).
  • The Fivefold Risk Multiple: California population research showed that state residents with concurrent PAD and diabetes face amputation rates 5 times higher than those dealing with diabetes alone (Humphries et al., 2016, Annals of Vascular Surgery).
  • Patients with Peripheral Artery Disease or Diabetes are Ten times more likely to suffer an amputation. (Johannesson et al., Diabetes Care, 2009)
    • 34% of patients with Diabetes will develop a foot ulcer, 50% of those ulcers get infected requiring hospitalization, 20% of diabetic foot infections result in amputation. (Armstrong et al., JAMA, 2023).
    • After a major amputation, 50% of patients will have their OTHER limb amputated within 2 years. (Glaser et al., Journal of Vascular Surgery, 2013)
  • The math:
    • In the United States, over 150,000 non-traumatic lower extremity amputations are performed annually in people with PAD and Diabetes. Over 411 non-traumatic lower extremity amputations are performed daily.
      • (Creager et al., Circulation, 2021)(Armstrong et al., JAMA, 2023)
    • Globally, it is estimated that 1.6 million non-traumatic lower extremity amputations are performed annually, translates to 183 amputations per hour, or approximately one every 20 seconds. (Armstrong et al., JAMA, 2023)
  • The relative 5-year mortality rate after limb amputation is 68%; Almost 70% of patients who have an amputation will die within five years.  (Armstrong et al., JAMA, 2023; McDermott et al., Diabetes Care, 2023)
  • When compared with cancer – it is second only to lung cancer (86%).
    • (Colorectal cancer 39%, Breast cancer 23%, Hodgkin’s disease 18%, Prostate cancer 8%) (Robbins et al., Journal of the American Podiatric Medical Association, 2008)
  • Amputations from Diabetes and PAD kill more people annually than breast cancer and AIDS combined.

More Than Just Your Foot and Ankle; Protecting Your Independence

You do not have to become a statistic. At San Mateo Podiatry Group, our specialized At-Risk Foot Care program serves as your Mobility Protection Shield—a medically supervised defensive perimeter designed to keep you independent and out of the hospital. Proactive, expert Podiatric intervention is the single most powerful countermeasure available to interrupt the progression of silent vascular and neurological decay, catching minor issues early before they evolve into medical emergencies.

Saving Limbs, Saving Lives:
Podiatrists Dramatically Reduce Amputation Risk

National research proves that regular Podiatric care is one of the most powerful protective measures you can take to prevent catastrophic complications.

  • The Single Definitive Factor: A landmark study of 707,971 Medicare wounds across 306 U.S. regions discovered that the regional supply of podiatrists was the only healthcare factor associated with fewer amputations—beating out advanced hospital wound programs, endocrinologists, and vascular surgeons (Popescu et al., 2026, JAMA Network Open).
  • Slashing Amputation Risk by 69%: Longitudinal tracking conducted by researchers at Duke University followed Medicare patients over 6 years, proving that regular care from a podiatrist cuts lower-extremity amputation risk by up to 69% (Sloan, Feinglos & Grossman, 2010, Health Services Research).
  • Reversing Advanced Risk Tiers: Even among the highest-risk medical populations suffering concurrently from kidney failure and diabetes on dialysis, consistent Podiatric care dramatically extends survival rates and preserves intact limbs (Tan et al., 2024, JAMA Network Open).
  • Halving Hospitalization Amputations: Retrospective data from the University of Michigan over 16 years demonstrated that integrating dedicated podiatrists into the core clinical team cut major amputation rates exactly in half, sparing approximately 40 patients per year from catastrophic limb loss (Schmidt et al., 2017 & 2019, Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice / Current Diabetes Reviews).

California-Specific Clinical Evidence: Our program maps directly onto rigorous, peer-reviewed data established by California’s leading medical institutions and statewide health databases:

  • The USC Keck Medical Standard: Landmark clinical reviews led by the Keck School of Medicine of USC confirmed that multidisciplinary care frameworks including podiatrists reduce major amputation rates by 60% (Armstrong et al., 2023, JAMA).

Excellence in Care is Excellence in Value:
Doctors of Podiatric Medicine are Proven to Reduce Healthcare Costs

Beyond the critical health benefits, choosing a podiatrist is a wise financial decision for the entire healthcare system. When evaluating preventive medicine through a clear lens of Return on Investment (ROI), the economic data is undeniable:

  • The burden of amputation is severe, with 5-year mortality rates exceeding those of many malignancies, and caring for patients with PAD and diabetes imposes an estimated cost of $84 billion to $380 billion annually to the U.S. healthcare system (Barnes et al., Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biology, 2020). 
  • Massive Per-Patient Savings: A landmark database study covering nearly 48,000 patients found that when at-risk individuals see a podiatrist before an ulcer develops, it saves the healthcare system an average of $19,686 per commercial insurance patient and $3,624 per Medicare patient over two years by preventing high-cost disasters (Carls et al., 2011, Journal of the American Podiatric Medical Association).
    • The 48-to-1 Elimination Penalty: Cutting these essential services backfires catastrophically on a systemic level. Rigorous state data proves that when budget cuts eliminate low-cost, preventive podiatric services, it forces a massive spike in emergency admissions—costing $48 in immediate emergency hospitalization charges for every single $1 “saved” (Bus & van Netten, 2016, Diabetes/Metabolism Research and Reviews).
    • The 5-to-1 Prevention Return: Broad clinical and economic analyses confirm that every $1 invested in professional, preventative lower extremity care saves up to $5 in catastrophic emergency hospitalization, severe diabetic foot ulcer admissions ($13,000+ per stay), and major amputation episodes ($54,000+ per event) (Carls et al., 2011, Journal of the American Podiatric Medical Association).
    • The UCLA/CalSIM Cost Forecast: State tracking models proved that hospital costs spike 94.3% higher when amputations occur during an admission; integrating podiatric care immediately mitigates these expenses (Labovitz & Kominski, 2016, Western Journal of Emergency Medicine / UCLA Fielding School of Public Health).

A Wise Investment in your Health!

Excellence in medicine is inherently excellence in financial value. It is vital to understand that only Medicare offers coverage for these highly specialized services, and even then, it is a scarce, strictly regulated clinical benefit rather than a passive entitlement.

To qualify and maintain your authorized coverage status under Medicare’s guidelines, you must exhibit documented physical proof of severe peripheral involvement—such as specific vascular or neurological class findings —and strictly satisfy Medicare’s narrow administrative requirements:

  • The Doctor Care Standard: You must be evaluated by your primary family physician at least once every six months to manage underlying systemic risks.
  • The Visit Standard: You must reliably maintain your customized, medically necessary podiatric visit schedule to protect your ongoing coverage.
  • The Home Care Standard: You must actively participate in your prescribed medical therapies, interventions, and regimens at home.

Adherence to your customized, risk-based preventative schedule is absolutely critical for clinical success.

For patients without insurance coverage, custom private-pay treatment plans are available to ensure no one is left unprotected.

Protecting Your Independence

Partnering with us is a direct investment in your long-term health, designed entirely to protect your independent lifestyle. This program is about so much more than just your foot and ankle; it is about protecting your absolute freedom.

Do not become a statistic.
Don’t let a minor, silent complication to turn into an irreversible, life-threatening medical emergency.

Schedule your consultation today, complete your clinical evaluation, secure your mobility, and lock in your protective annual treatment plan today.

Our Clients, In Their Own Words

“My family doctor referred me to Dr. Metaxas for a wound on my foot that wouldn’t heal. He was able to close the wound without surgery; we eventually did a surgery to prevent it from coming back. Meeting Dr. Metaxas literally saved my life!”
Margaret W. (Verified Client, 2013) San Francisco, CA

How We’re Different

The Doctors and team of San Mateo Podiatry Group proudly offer patients the latest advanced, safe and effective treatments for foot and ankle problems.

  • Same day consultations and treatments are generally available
  • Most procedures can be completed with little to no discomfort.
  • Generally, patients can return to work, sports and exercise immediately.

Trust the Experience, Experience The Difference

Founded in 1917, San Mateo Podiatry Group is the San Francisco Peninsula’s Premier Foot and Ankle Specialty Practice, delivering a tradition of excellence in foot and ankle care. The Doctors of San Mateo Podiatry Group are Board Certified Podiatric Foot and Ankle Surgeons use the latest technology, proven research, and experience to deliver great results for patients.

Our proven process delivers state of the art foot and ankle care to our clients, to help them become their best selves.

Learn more about Doctors of Podiatric Medicine: The experts in medical and surgical care of the foot and ankle

At-Risk Foot Care: Frequently Asked Questions

Why do patients need this? Am I really one of them?

We know what you’re thinking: “My feet feel completely fine—why is a doctor telling me this is a medical necessity?”

It feels like an overreaction to add another appointment to your schedule for something you’ve handled on your own for years. The danger is that high-risk foot conditions are silent killers. Circulation loss and nerve damage sneak up without pain or warning, turning an unnoticed spot into a life-altering emergency before you even realize anything is wrong.

If you live with diabetes, poor circulation (PAD), nerve damage, severe swelling, or take blood thinners, your body's natural warning systems in your feet are compromised—even if you feel zero pain today.

This isn't about routine grooming (which Medicare never covers); it is a proactive shield designed to catch silent threats early, keep you out of the hospital, and protect your mobility and long-term independence.

I Just Want My Nails Cut. Why Are We Talking About Blood Flow and Imaging?

We know what you’re thinking: “I just need a simple nail trim. Why is my doctor suddenly asking about my circulation and running through medical checklists? It feels like we are overcomplicating a basic request.”

It is completely understandable to feel caught off guard or even annoyed by the extra questions.

But here is the hard truth: By law, Medicare never pays for routine foot care. For a healthy person, cutting nails is considered basic personal hygiene—not a medical benefit—and it is strictly excluded from coverage.

The only reason Medicare covers At-Risk Foot Care for you is because underlying conditions (like diabetes or poor blood flow) turn a simple trim into a high-risk medical procedure.

We aren't looking for problems where there are none. We are tracking your vascular and neurological health to keep you safe, protect your limbs, and ensure this vital care remains a covered benefit for you.

Why Can’t I Just Come in When I Want? Why Do I Have to See My PCP and Use Medicine?

We know what you’re thinking: “I’ve managed my own schedule my whole life. I know when my feet need attention. Why are there suddenly so many rules about when I can come in, what creams I have to use, and who else I have to see?”

It feels incredibly restrictive, like you are losing control over your own healthcare decisions just to jump through hoops.

You have worked hard, paid your dues, and contributed to this community your entire life. You have earned your Medicare benefits. The absolute last thing you should accept is letting some faceless insurance bureaucrat deny your care or strip away your benefits simply because a box wasn't checked on a compliance form.

But that is exactly how the system works. To keep this specialized care covered, Medicare requires strict proof that we are actively managing a systemic disease together. That means:

• Keeping your strictly scheduled appointment intervals.
• Consistently using your prescribed preventative medications.
• Seeing your primary care doctor at least once every six months.

If you drop your end of the commitment, Medicare automatically drops your coverage.

Don't give them a reason to take away your benefits. By doing your part and following the plan, you take back control of your health and make a direct, powerful investment in your longevity, mobility, and independence.

I Want to Follow the Plan, But I Physically Can’t Reach My Feet. What Do I Do?

We hear this all the time: “I want to do what you’re asking, but my arthritis won’t let me bend,” or “Since my hip replacement, I physically cannot reach my toes safely.”

It is incredibly frustrating to be handed a medical to-do list that your body simply won't allow you to complete. You might feel like you are failing the program before you even leave the office.

Please don't worry. We will never ask you to risk a fall or push through severe joint pain just to wash your feet or apply medicine.

We know physical barriers are a reality. You don't have to be a gymnast to take back control of your foot health.

There are plenty of inexpensive, long-handled brushes, shower scrubber mats, and specialized foot lotion applicators that allow you to wash your feet and apply medications from a safe, comfortable, seated position.

Don't let physical limitations stop you from protecting your mobility. Talk to our team and see what solutions we've developed to help patients exactly like you!

I Agreed to the Plan, But I Didn't Do It. Why Won't Medicare Pay Now?

We know what you’re thinking: “I know I said I would use the medicine, but I just didn't get around to it. It’s not a big deal. Why are you making such a fuss and handing me a financial waiver instead of just treating me?”

It feels like we are punishing you over a minor oversight. Building a new daily habit is hard, and it is incredibly easy to let things slide—especially when your feet don't currently hurt.

But here is the reality: Medicare views your treatment plan as a strict contract. If you do not actively use the prescribed medications at home, Medicare determines that the medical necessity for our professional, in-office care is broken. To them, skipping your medicine isn't just an "oops"—it is an immediate reason to drop your coverage.

This is why we ask for a commitment.

We are fiercely protective of your mobility, but this has to be a partnership. We work with patients who do their part at home, but we cannot do it for you.

If you choose not to stick to the daily routine, we will still care for you as best we can, but we are required to provide a transparent financial form (an Advance Beneficiary Notice) before we begin.

You need to know that without Medicare coverage, these specialized, out-of-pocket services can cost $300 per visit and up.

Protect your mobility and maximize your benefits. Do your part at home, and let us help you stay healthy, walking, and happy!

I Only Want What Insurance Pays For on My Terms; I Don't Care About Program Rules.

We know what you’re thinking: “This is my body, my schedule, and my insurance. I should be able to dictate my care and get what I want without having to follow your rigid set of rules.”

It is completely natural to want total control over your healthcare and to feel resistant when a doctor hands you a strict at-home to-do list that you don't agree with.

But how are we supposed to provide the best care for you when we are not allowed to manage the underlying risks that threaten your health?

Doctors practice medicine; insurance practices cost control. The reality is that Medicare does not allow you or us to set the terms for this coverage. Their rules are clear: if you refuse to participate in the preventative care plan, the service is no longer considered a medical necessity, and they will unconditionally refuse to pay for it.

We have never met anyone who regretted making an investment in their health. We have, however, dealt with many heartbreaking cases where people deeply regretted not investing sooner—usually after a minor, silent issue escalated into a permanent loss of mobility.

We are a specialized practice dedicated to preventing severe complications, preventing amputations, and keeping our patients walking. Achieving that requires a true, 50/50 partnership. If you are looking for a clinic that will simply cut your nails, ask no questions, and ignore the very real threats to your long-term independence, we may not be the best practice for you.

Why Did My Insurance Company Deny This? Can’t You Just Change The Code and Resubmit It?

We know what you’re thinking: “I pay my premiums every month, and I have good coverage. This has to be a simple billing mistake. Why can’t your office just fix the code and resubmit the claim so they pay for it?”

It is incredibly frustrating to receive a denial letter in the mail, especially for care you know you need to stay healthy. It feels like a bait-and-switch when the insurance company you rely on suddenly refuses to cover your visit and leaves you holding the bill.

Here is the frustrating reality: We work as hard as we possibly can with our patients to appeal these decisions and maximize your benefits. However, if you have a Medicare Advantage plan, you are dealing with a private corporation, not the traditional government Medicare program. (Changing A Code or Falsifying Claims is Illegal, BTW, and astonishingly insurance companies suggest you do that all the time!)

These Advantage plans often mislead patients. They market themselves aggressively by promising "extra" perks, but when you actually need specialized medical care, they frequently limit your benefits far beyond what traditional Medicare does. When they deny a claim, it is rarely a coding error we can just "resubmit"—it is a deliberate decision they made to control their own costs by refusing to pay for your preventative care.

We cannot force a private insurance company to change their strict internal rules. At this point, this becomes a direct investment in your health. Doctors practice medicine; insurance companies practice cost control.

We have never met anyone who regretted investing in their own health and mobility, but we have seen many patients deeply regret waiting for an insurance company's permission to take care of themselves. Don't let a misleading insurance policy dictate your independence.

What Are My Options Now That I am Faced With an ABN?

We know what you’re thinking: “Why should I pay out of pocket for this if my insurance won't? Maybe I should just skip my treatment this time and figure it out later.”

It feels incredibly unfair to be put on the spot and asked to make a financial decision when you just came in for your scheduled care.

When you are handed an Advance Beneficiary Notice (ABN), you have a choice to make. Here is how we see your options:

• The Worst Option: Refuse Care
You can choose not to receive treatment today. But here is the hard truth: if you walk away, the insurance company wins, and you lose. Skipping your preventative care directly threatens your long-term mobility, your longevity, and leaves you vulnerable to the silent threats we are trying to prevent.

• The Second Option: Bill Medicare and Try to Re-establish Coverage
You can sign the ABN, receive your treatment, and have us submit the claim to Medicare. As billing experts, we know their rules inside and out, and we know they will deny the claim today because the strict requirements weren't met. We will do everything we can to help you get back on track and re-establish your coverage for future visits, but we need your active help and commitment at home to make that happen.

• The Best Option: Declare Independence and Invest in Your Health
You can declare your independence from insurance bureaucracy and make a direct investment in your own health. By choosing to move forward and pay for the care you need, you take total control of your mobility.

| Spoiler Alert: Save your time and energy—healthcare is already heading in this direction for almost all non-hospital and non-emergency-based care.

Doctors practice medicine; insurance practices cost control. We will stand by you as your dedicated partner in health, ensuring you get the absolute best care to protect your mobility, regardless of insurance cost-saving measures.

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